li yong fu li ye bian huan quan xi cheng xiang xi tong zuo tu xiang zeng qiang

Abstract

Around the year 2000, wireless sensor networks emerged as a significant research area focusing on low-power sensor nodes capable of sensing, processing, and transmitting data wirelessly. Key research topics included energy-efficient routing protocols, data aggregation, network scalability, and fault tolerance. WSNs were mainly explored for environmental monitoring, military surveillance, and industrial automation.